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Thalassemia (from Greek
θαλασσα, thalassa, sea + αίμα, haima, blood; British
spelling, "thalassaemia") is an inherited autosomal
recessive blood disease. In thalassemia, the genetic
defect results in reduced rate of synthesis of one of
the globin chains that make up hemoglobin. Reduced
synthesis of one of the globin chains can cause the
formation of abnormal hemoglobin molecules, and this in
turn causes the anemia which is the characteristic
presenting symptom of the thalassemias.
Thalassemia is a quantitative problem of too few globins
synthesized, whereas sickle-cell anemia (a
hemoglobinopathy) is a qualitative problem of synthesis
of an incorrectly functioning globin. Thalassemias
usually result in underproduction of normal globin
proteins, often through mutations in regulatory genes.
Hemoglobinopathies imply structural abnormalities in the
globin proteins themselves. The two conditions may
overlap, however, since some conditions which cause
abnormalities in globin proteins (hemoglobinopathy) also
affect their production (thalassemia). Thus, some
thalassemias are hemoglobinopathies, but most are not.
Either or both of these conditions may cause anemia.
The disease is particularly prevalent among
Mediterranean peoples, and this geographical association
was responsible for its naming: Thalassa is Greek for
the sea, Haema (αίμα) is Greek for blood. In Europe, the
highest concentrations of the disease are found in
Greece, including the Greek islands; in parts of Italy,
in particular, the lower Po valley; in southern Italy;
and in the Italian islands. Sicily, Sardinia, and Malta
(Islands located at the Italian peninsula), Corsica
(French island) and Cyprus and Crete (Greek islands) are
heavily affected in particular; the higher incidence in
these islands likely is because of the higher inbreeding
that occurs in isolated populations. But Asia now has
even greater prevalence, with the highest concentration
of carriers (18% of the population) in the Maldives. |
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Clinical Research on Thalsotab |
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Thalsotab is clinically proven to
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clinical study in Adobe's PDF format. Click
here for details.
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Thalsotab
Guarantee |
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Thalsotab is a completely
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